PLEASE HELP WITH THE ANSWERS FOR THIS WORKSHEET. 1. The process by which food is received into the GI tract via the mouth is called _______________. 2. The esophagus is digestive in function. ______________. 3. Swallowing has both voluntary and involuntary components. ____________. 4. The function of the epiglottis is to prevent a bolus from entering the ______________________. 5. The first wave of contraction of the esophageal muscles is called ___________ ______________. 6. If a food bolus does not make it all the way to the stomach, _____________________ peristalsis forces the bolus the remainder of the way. 7. Peristaltic contractions of the stomach occur about ___________ times per minute when food makes it into the body and fundus. 8. The frequency of peristaltic contractions is regulated by ____________________________ cells. 9. Gastric emptying would be slowed by which of the following? _________________________________________. 10. ______________ regulate gastric juice secretion during the cephalic phase. 11.The cephalic phase of digestion is regulated by short reflexes. ___________. 12. The ____________________ nerve carries electrical signals from the brain to the stomach. 13. The hormone ________________________________ regulates gastric secretion during the gastric phase of digestion. Page 1 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University 14. Gastric motility ______________________________ as the stomach begins to receive food. 15. The hormone ______________________________ released by the duodenum causes gastric motility to decrease when fats are present in the duodenum. 16. The hormone __________________________ causes the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine. 17. The ________________________________________ reflex describes the communication between the intestine and the stomach. 18. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation ______________________ digestive system activity. 19. The motility process illustrated below is ____________________________________. 20. Segmentation moves chyme in only
one direction. __________. 21. The frequency of segmentation contractions is greatest in the __________________________. 22. ______________________________ reflexes stimulate the ileum to increase activity when food is in the stomach. 23. The hormone _______________ causes the ileocecal sphincter to relax during the gastric phase. 24. During the interdigestive period, ____________ _________________ _____________ occur about once every 90 minutes to move undigested materials toward the terminal ileum. 25. Migrating motility complexes are controlled by the central nervous system. ___________. Page 2 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University 26.List the two major functions of the large intestine: 1. ___________________________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________ 27. Pockets formed by the contractions of the transverse and descending colon musculature are called __________________. 28. Sustained, intense propulsive peristaltic contractions of the large intestine are called _____________ _____________. 29. Which of the following is under voluntary control? ____________________________________. 30. Only about __________ ml of the 500 ml of chyme that entered the colon is voided as feces. 31. Place the following labels on the large intestine figure below: cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, haustra, appendix 32. The _______________________________ reflex stimulates mass movements of the colon. Page 3 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University 33. List three emotions or sensations that may produce constipation. 1. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________________ 34. The vomiting reflex is coordinated in the ___________________ ____________________. 35. Which of the following is not typically a stimulus for the vomiting reflex?