Formal Outline： Include a thesis statement about mass incarceration. State the main idea of each paragraph as a declarative sentence. Indicate supporting details/arguments/sources for each paragraph. Now that you have become well informed about the characteristics and causes of mass incarceration, your final assignment is to write an outline in which you use sources (described below) to about some aspect of mass incarceration and criminal justice reform. Because your job in this essay is to persuade a reader to agree with your point of view, it’s up to you to decide what argument you want to make. I have identified several topics, with suggested readings, below – but you may choose a slightly different topic if you talk it over with me first. · You should use new sources (i.e. sources you have not used in previous assignments). · Avoid excessive quotation (no more than about 20% of your essay’s words). · Document sources using MLA style – both and a Works . · Using a source’s words without enclosing them in quotation marks is plagiarism. Using or quoting from sources that you do not cite in the text and Works Cited list is plagiarism. · All drafts should be formatted double-spaced, in 12-point type. Include a word count on the last page. Assume that your reader may know a little about the topic (for instance, you could assume they know the information contained in the James Cullen article “The story of Mass Incarceration” or have seen the film But do not assume that your reader is especially knowledgeable or has read the other sources you have read. That means that some of your essay will have to be an explanation, summarizing facts about the topic. · You will find many articles on proposed solutions at the web sites of several organizations you’ve encountered alread
y in our readings: the , , , and the (ending mass incarceration is just one of the issues they work on). Especially, see: o · James Forman Jr. and Sarah Lustbader , 1 Aug. 2019. · Here are two stories of specific decarceration efforts, from : “ “ ” · Bruce Western, 9 May 2016: “If we’re really going to reduce our prison populations, we will have to acknowledge that human frailty under conditions of poverty puts people at risk of becoming, simultaneously, the perpetrators and victims of violence.” · Lorna Collier, “ ” October 2014. ghlights the mental-health consequences of incarceration and how incarceration may increase crime. · Sarah Childress, “ ” PBS Frontline 29 April 2014. Argues that incarceration hollows out communities and “how prison makes crime worse.” · Two documentaries from the PBS series Frontline, (2014) and (2017), tell individual stories that illustrate the impact on individuals caught up in the criminal justice system. · James Forman, jr. (2017): the last 1/3 of this excerpt outlines the role of black citizens and politicians in majority-black Washington, D.C., building on Fortner’s account of New York in the 1970s. · Michael Fortner, 10 July 2015. Expanding on what you learned in Jason L. Riley’s review of Fortner’s book · Nazgol Ghandnoosh, ” from The Sentencing Project, 3 Sept. 2014. · John Gramlich, “ ” 21 May 2019. · John Gramlich, “ .” , 17 Oct. 2019. · Barry Latzer, 2 March 2020. This article develops, with more evidence, the argument in the Latzer article you’ve read previously. · Heather Mac Donald, “ ” June 21, 2016. · Heather Mac Donald, ” 28 April 2008. · Rafael A. Mangual 18 Sept 2019. · Rafael A. Mangual, “ ,” Newsweek July 29, 2020 · Rafael A. Mangual, Summer 2019