2 replies to other students discuddions,2 reference no more than 5 years, 200 words.
Eugenia Mundarain Herrera Wednesday, June 1, 2022, 8:25 PM
Number of replies: 1
Unpleasant Symptoms Theory Historical Background
The theory was developed through the collaborative efforts of several researchers who focused mainly on clinical practice. The theorys introduction in 1995 was primarily a work-in-progress. It was used to portray the multidimensionality of indicators, the existing relationship, and the stimulation that could be evident (Lawless & Foster, 2020). The theory stance that the development of a symptom is started by interactions existing between antecedent factors that could either be situational, psychologically, or physically. It was developed to understand how signs share some similarities. It was aimed to be used with several symptoms.
Unpleasant Symptoms Theory
The above theory has been revised many times. Stress has also been put on the fact that there is interaction within symptoms (Lenz & Pugh, 2018). They can indeed catalyze each other. There might be changes in the influencing factors of the signs and complete changes in the performances. The impact could only be evident through feedback. There have also been performance changes, which have also been influential.
Description of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms
Each of the four dimensions mentioned above can easily be measured. However, some factors influence the results of this theory. These factors include physiological, physiological, and situational (Lee et al., 2017). However, the symptoms could impact the outcome in various ways. This impact could be either quality of life or care-seeking. The theory has also focused on symptoms that have some similarities.
Models That Expand or Modify the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms
Multidimensionality of symptoms is an ideal model that expands the theory. The theory recognizes multidimensional symptoms, and the signs that this theory aimed at were distress, intensity, timing, and quality. The view certainly illustrates complexity existing within the nature of symptoms which addresses potential variables that might be evident.
Assessment of Symptoms
The assessment takes some key stages that help understand how to achieve an o
utcome for the same. The critical thing that will be looked at is the symptoms being experienced by a person; secondly, the key factors that lead to those symptoms or affect the symptoms nature to the person (Blakeman, 2019). Lastly, they will identify the consequences of the signs and how solutions could be obtained.
Instruments Used in Empirical Testing
Empirical testing can be achieved by looking at the symptoms being experienced by the patient and the factors that are influencing the symptoms (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). The elements will be focused on culture and their natural appearance and occurrence and the consequences of those experiences.
Symptoms measures focus on various instruments that play an ideal role in measuring them. Some efforts focus on physical symptoms. Others mainly concentrate on emotional and physical symptoms. There might be either presence or absence of measures of these symptoms. Others cans focus on intensity, while others could focus on the frequency. Many instruments have been involved in the measurement. Most of the tools address performance, especially the functional ones, while others provide individual reports of a persons daily roles and activities. There is a limitation in the activity measure since they cannot be employed for the patients who need critical care. Some investigators use physiological measurements to obtain the ideal expected results in the long run.
REFERENCES
Blakeman, J. R. (2019). An integrative review of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms. Journal of Advanced Nursing. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/Jan. 13906
Lawless, J., & Foster, M. J. (2020). Searching Systematically and Comprehensively. A step-by-step guide to conducting an integrative review (pp. 21-44). Springer, Cham.
Lee, S. E., Vincent, C., & Finnegan, L. (2017). An analysis and evaluation of the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Advances in Nursing Science, 40(1), e16-e39. doi:10.1097/ANS.0000000000000141.
Lenz, E. R., & Pugh, L. C. (2018). The theory of unpleasant symptoms. In M. J. Smith & P. R. Liehr (Eds.), Middle range theory for nursing (4th ed.). New York, NY: Springer.
Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (Eds.). (2009). Middle range theories: Application to nursing research. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.