Answer & Explanation:QUESTION 1A way of asking and answering questions about the physical universe is known as:pseudoscience.research.the natural coalition of church and state.laws of nature.science.2 points QUESTION 2Which statement is true about the discipline of science?Science is a complete set of facts about the physical world.Science provides answers to all questions about our environment.Science provides our best view to the workings of the universe and everything within itScience and intuition are mutually exclusive.Science encompasses all of pseudoscience and more.2 points QUESTION 3Which of the following statements is a prediction?Mealworms prefer dark environments.High quality balloons filled with atmospheric air will float higher than low quality balloons filled with atmospheric air.Spearmint candies taste better than peppermint candies.If I drop a rock it will fall to the ground.There is an attraction called gravity between every two objects in the universe.2 points QUESTION 4The scientific method depends on:reproducible results.clearly stated laws of nature.accurate initial predictions.fact-based hypotheses.communication of findings.2 points QUESTION 5Ockhams razor is a(n):instrument used in medical studies.philosophy advocating that the simplest solutions have a higher probability of being correct.constellation in the southern hemisphere.example of pseudoscience.tool used in raising Stonehenges giant stones.2 points QUESTION 6Dr. John Snows research and observations improved the lives of Londons citizens in the 1800s by:improving the quality of the drinking water.finding a cure for cholera.diagnosing tuberculosis in the Royal family.associating disease with polluted water.identifying the bacterium, Vibrio cholerae.2 points QUESTION 7The astronomical model placing the Sun at the center of the solar system was resisted for hundreds of years becausea way to measure astronomical distances with great accuracy had not been invented.errors in calculations of data analysis went undetected.most scholarly texts were written in Latin.the Catholic Church banned all discussions of Copernican ideas.all scientists used the great calendar at Stonehenge and looked no further.2 points QUESTION 8From a physicists point of view, in which of the following cases has significant work been done?You try to pull your car out of ditch, but it doesnt budge.Your brother throws his dirty clothes on the floor.Your mother holds a sleeping baby.You review for a test by imagining the questions.Your father tries unsuccessfully to open a jar.2 points QUESTION 9James Watt designed experiments in horsepower to:assist miners in removing ore.calculate the velocity of a water pump.quantify the energy generated by a horse in mines.invent the steam engine.assess the health of horses.2 points QUESTION 10Which of the following balls would have the greatest amount of kinetic energy if they are all traveling at 10 m/s?baseballping pong ballbowling ballsoccer ballbasketball2 points QUESTION 11If one were to introduce a fast moving molecule into a container of slower moving molecules the outcome will be:the fast moving molecule will remain moving faster than the other molecules.all molecules will end up traveling the same speed.the fast moving molecule will end up traveling slower than the other molecules.all molecules will lose speed.all molecules will end up traveling the speed of the fast molecule.2 points QUESTION 12Absolute zero is defined as the temperature at which:water will freeze.all heat has been extracted from a substance.the lowest temperature a substance can change from a liquid to a solid.all motion within an atom ceases.energy cannot exist.2 points QUESTION 13Motors and magnets owe their existence to what force?strong forceweak forcegravitational forcestatic electrical forceelectromagnetic force2 points QUESTION 14Coulomb discovered that the electrical force equation was very similar to the force equation ________ had discovered.Benjamin FranklinJames Clerk MaxwellIsaac NewtonThomas EdisonMichael Faraday2 points QUESTION 15The lines of force radiating from a charged object is called a/an:gravitational field.gravitational force.electrical field.electrical force.magnetic field.2 points QUESTION 16When you cut a magnet in half you get:two north poles.two south poles.two magnets each with a north pole and south pole.one magnetic monopole.one south pole and one north pole.2 points QUESTION 17What scientist is credited with making the first battery?Luigi GalvaniMichael FaradayAlessandro VoltaBenjamin FranklinWilliam Gilbert2 points QUESTION 18Every electrical circuit contains:an electromagnet.an unbroken flow path.an electric switch.a circuit breaker.a motor.2 points QUESTION 19In the equation for Ohms law, resistance is in the unit:volts.amps.ohms.watts.coulombs.2 points QUESTION 20Individual particles in a transverse wave move:perpendicular to the medium.in large circles.in small circles.perpendicular to the wave direction.parallel to the wave direction.2 points QUESTION 21Bats navigate by emitting high pitched sound waves andkilling all the moths within 10 meters.attracting various insects toward the sound.listening for an echo.calculating wave crests per second.hoping humans do not hear them.2 points QUESTION 22What causes an electromagnetic wave to be emitted?writing an equation that has the wave form in itdestructive interference of sound wavestrying to separate electrical from magnetic phenomenaacceleration of an electric chargeconstructive interference of any kind of wave2 points QUESTION 23Which wave does not require matter to be transmitted?ocean wavesound waveX-rayseismic wavesubsonic wave2 points QUESTION 24The fundamental difference between electromagnetic waves and other types of waves is that electromagnetic waves:move more slowly than all other types of waves.are invisible regardless of wavelength.do not experience constructive or destructive interference.transfer energy without transferring mass.all have the same wavelength.2 points QUESTION 25Which property of electromagnetic waves is measured in Hertz?amplitudespeedfrequencylengthenergy2 points QUESTION 26How fast can light travel in one second, if it is moving through a vacuum?186,000 feet30,000 meters18,600 miles300,000 kilometers3,000,000 miles2 points QUESTION 27The Doppler effect describes:how bats fly and locate their food.change in wave frequen
cy when source or receiver is moving.change in wave frequency when neither source or receiver is moving.how dolphins navigate in the worlds oceans.how humans see the colors red and blue.2 points QUESTION 28If you flipped a coin while going up an escalator, a person side of the elevator observing the motion of the coin would describe the motion as:a circle.a straight line.an arc.random.an ellipse.2 points QUESTION 29To a ground-based observer, what is the speed of a moving ball tossed backward at 30 km/hour on a train moving forward at 90 km/hr?150 km/hr60 km/hr30 km/hr90 km/hr2700 km/hr2 points QUESTION 30What is the difference between general and special relativity?General relativity applies to accelerating frames of reference and special relativity does not.Special relativity is a special case for two frames of reference accelerating in opposite directions.General relativity can only solve problems of time dilation and length contraction; special relativity can apply to problems of large mass and the speed of light.Special relativity is much more complex than general relativity, requiring rigorous mathematical calculations to explain.Physicists have been arguing over the difference since 1915 and have not come to a consensus yet.2 points QUESTION 31Which one of the following cannot vary?Speed of light in a vacuum.The speed of light is relative to the observers frame of reference.The frequency of light.The wavelength of light.Every observer sees the speed of light differently.2 points QUESTION 32If you went on a trip that seemed twenty years long to you while on board a spacecraft going just slightly less than the speed of light, when you returned to Earth, you would be most likely to meet your __________ assuming they did no space traveling of their own.parents.great-grandparents.brothers and sisters.yourself.great-grandchildren.2 points QUESTION 33If a spaceship were measured on the surface of the earth and was 50m long, how long would it appear to be, to someone on the surface of the earth if the ship were traveling at 1/2 the speed of light as it flew around the earth?50m0less than 50mmore than 50minfinite in length2 points QUESTION 34Democritus put forth the concept of an atom becauseof experimental evidence from his laboratory.older ideas that he borrowed from Egyptians.he noticed the twinkling caused by radiation of individual atoms.his invention of the magnifying glass led him to think about progressively smaller particles.it was philosophically satisfying that particles could be divided only so small.2 points QUESTION 35The fundamental building block for all matter, which is the smallest representative sample of a substance that maintains chemical identity, is calledan atom.an element.a molecule.an electron.a chemical compound.2 points QUESTION 36Materials made from a single type of atom that cannot be broken down any further are calledatoms.elements.molecules.solutions.compounds.2 points QUESTION 37When two or more covalently bonded atoms combine chemically this forms the basic constituent of many different kinds of material, which is calleduncuttable.an element.a molecule.an electron.water.2 points QUESTION 38In todays periodic table, elements are arranged in order ofnumber of protons in the nucleus of the atom.number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.number of electrons in the nucleus of the atomatomic size of the atom.the alphabetical listing of the atoms.2 points QUESTION 39An element with an atomic number of 8was the eighth element discovered.contains atoms with four protons and four neutrons.is composed of atoms with only eight protons.has eight electrons in the outer shell of each atom.as six protons and two neutrons.2 points QUESTION 40In the periodic table of the elements, the only element lighter than helium isargon.neon.oxygen.hydrogen.silicon.2 points QUESTION 41Evidence for the theory that an atom is mostly empty space was based on research byJoseph John ThomsonNiels BohrJohn DaltonErnest RutherfordDaniel Bernoulli2 points QUESTION 42An electrically neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom is calleda nucleus.a proton.an electron.an ion.a neutron.2 points QUESTION 43An atom that has gained or lost electrons is known asa nucleus.a proton.an electron.an ion.a neutron.2 points QUESTION 44The velocity of a photon in a quantum jumpdepends on the amount of charge on each electron.corresponds to only red light.corresponds only to blue light.changes with the quantum jump the photon makes.is the speed of light.2 points QUESTION 45A photon is emitted by an atom when one of the atoms electronscollides with other electrons.shifts to a higher energy level.shifts to a lower energy level.is removed from the atom.leaves the atom.2 points QUESTION 46Newtons three laws of motion include the statement that:for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.the less massive an object, the more force is required to overcome inertia.every falling object falls at different and constantly changing rates.the acceleration produced on a body by a force is inversely proportional to the amount of force applied to the body.there is no gravity in most of the vast space between stars.2 points QUESTION 47A rock held by a person above the floor, but not dropped, is an example of which of Newtons Laws?1. The velocity is constant in the absence of a net force.2. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to and in the same direction as the net force acting on the object.3. When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object.123Both 1 and 2Both 1 and 32 points QUESTION 48If you were in a spacecraft moving away from the earth:your mass would be increasing.your weight would be decreasing.your weight would be increasing.your mass would be decreasing.your weight would not change.2 points QUESTION 49When a meteorite hits Earth, heat is generated. Which of the following statements best describes this process?Gravitational potential energy is converted into heat.Electrical potential energy is converted into heat.Chemical energy is converted into heat.Magnetic energy is converted into heat.Elastic potential energy is converted into heat.2 points QUESTION 50What is the velocity of a wave if the distance between the crests is 8 feet and 20 waves go by every 10 seconds?32 ft/sec16 ft/sec8 ft/sec4 ft/sec160 ft/sec2 points