Your research paper will be:
12-15 pages
double-spaced
TNR, Arial, or Calibri 11 or 12 point fontâ¦this is written Calibri 10 point font
APA style referencing from at least 16 peer-reviewed sources. Â You should use more, though. Â Â
And it will cover the topic âdoes regular PA and/or fitness have an effect on the risk developing obesity.
USE THESE âHEADERSâ and this format in your paper. Â It follows directly from the outline you built.Â
Introduction:
Opening Idea
Definitions (with references)
Preview the basic points of Body
Body:
Anecdote about a personal experience if applicable (be brief)â¦reason for interest this area.Â
Problem and its Magnitude: Â costs, number affected, etc. with references
Reviews/meta-analyses show that PA/fitness impacts X chronic disease risk with 2 references
Specific PA and fitness studies have shown. Â Use your AB to help describe the studies Â
oCross-sectional (X-sect) (at least 2 references)
oRetrospective studies (better if case-control; at least 2 references)
oProspective cohort (at least 4 references)
oRandomized Control Trials (at least 3 references; these are often about mechanism; sometimes animal studies are used)
oNegative studies: Donât just cite the positive studies, there may be some negative studies worth reporting.  Provide examples â not an exhaustive listâ¦peer reviewed
Review of Guidelines (i.e., Millâs Canons (TCSDPI) to answer the question: Â Is the effect of PA/Fitness on reduction of incidence/prevalence/risk of X chronic disease real? Reexamine the studies you reviewed above to âcheckoffâ the guidelines. Do not repeat studies in each of the guidelines below. Â Many studies do a good job of checking off many of the guidelines, but do not repeat them. Â Â
oTemporality: Â Any studies 2 from above that show PA/Fitness preceding risk/incidence /prevalence reduction is good for this (Retro, Prospective, RCT, generally not x-sect)
oConsistency: Any studies from above which show multiple studies and differing populations revealing that PA/Fitness is associated with risk/incidence reduction (rev
iews and meta-analyses are very good for this)
oStrength of Association: Any studies that provide a metric (correlation coefficient, incidence, prevalence) of PA/fitness associated with a reduction in chronic disease (X-section, retro, prospective)
oDose-Response: Any study that shows changes in PA/Fitness are associated with reductions in chronic disease in a âstep-wiseâ fashion. Â There need to be at least three levels of PA/Fitness (all the above studies would work here)
oPlausibility (biological explanation): Any studies that tests a mechanism (how) of how PA/fitness would have a beneficial effect. Â (e.g., of mechanisms: CVD change in dyslipidemia; diabetes enhanced insulin receptor sensitivity; osteoporosis bone vibration adds to bone density; obesity changes in appetite control mechanisms; mood shifts in neurotransmitter concentrations)
oIndependence: All of the above studies should have made attempts to control for confounding factors.  Typical confounders are: Age, genetics, environments, diets, smoking, stress, culture/race/ethnicity, location (rural, suburban, urban)⦠here you may repeatÂ
Summary:
Generalized statements about what studies show and donât show in context of TCSDPI
Directions for future research (what questions need to be answered?)
Conclusion(s): 1-4 sentences restating conclusion(s) briefly
Name: _________________________________ Area:___________
Score______(<16)
Done?
Done Mod
Done Well
Total
Headers
Order, Headers, Spacing, Font
3
3
3
/9
Intro
Opening Idea
1
1
1
/3
Definitions
1
1
1
/3
Preview Body
1
1
1
/3
Anecdote
1
1
1
/3
Problem and its magnitude
1
1
1
/3
Reviews have shown
2
2
2
/6
Body
X-Sect (2)
2
2
2
/6
Retrospective Case Control (2)
2
2
2
/6
Prospective Cohort (4)
3
3
3
/9
RCTs (3)
3
3
3
/9
Negative Studies
1
1
1
/3
Millâs Canons: Temporality
1
1
1
/3
Consistency
1
1
1
/3
Strength of Association
1
1
1
/3
Dose-Response
1
1
1
/3
Plausibility/Mechanism
1
1
1
/3
Independence
1
1
1
/3
Summary
General Stmt using TCSDPI
1
1
1
/3
Future Research
1
1
1
/3
Conclusion
1
1
1
/3
16 Refs (more if needed) in APA
2
1
1
/4
Overall Clarity
2
2
2
/6
Total
/100