11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP? 12. A nurse is teaching the staff about the three phases of cellular catabolism. Which of the following should the nurse include? 13. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? 14. The faculty member asked the student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of small, electrically uncharged molecules through a semipermeable barrier. Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching? 15. A nurse is teaching a patient about fluid and electrolytes. Which of the following indicates the teaching was successful regarding electrolytes? Electrolytes are: 16. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: 17. A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring: 18. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? 19. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing? 20. A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells? 21. A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? 22. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? 23. Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? 24. The ion transporter that moves Na and Ca simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the foll
owing types of transport? 25. During which process can lysosomal enzymes be released to degrade engulfed particles? 26. A nurse is teaching the staff about cholesterol. Which information should be taught? The cellular uptake of cholesterol depends on: 27. Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic division occurs. What is this cell cycle phase called? 28. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? 29. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is 70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na , and the predominant extracellular ion is K . With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential? 30. A nurse is teaching the staff about platelet-derived growth factor. Which information should the nurse include? Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates the production of: 31. The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as: 32. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? 33. A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption. These cells are called _____ columnar epithelium. 34. The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: 35. The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as: 36. The student is studying for a pathophysiology exam and is trying to remember the definition of amphipathic. The student should choose which of the following to be correct? 1. A nurse recalls that the four basic types of tissues are (select all that apply): 2. Characteristics of prokaryotes include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)