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TOPIC: DYSLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIAC RELATION
TOPIC: DYSLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIAC RELATION
PART A:
For this week’s discussion, please list three things you have learned after exploring this week’s learning material. Please post 300 words. Please include 2 scholarly references not older than 5 years. In-text citation. No plagiarism
summary of Knowledge :
DYSLIPIDEMIA
MSN5600
Diagnosis, Symptom and Illness Management
by Lisset Oliva, DNP, APRN, AGNP-C
Dyslipidemia
Ø Patient: “Doctor, I want zero cholesterol…”
Ø Provider: No, no, no. Your body needs it to make essential steroid hormones, eg, estrogen, progesterone, and Vitamin-D. It is also used to make bile acids in the liver for fat absorption during digestion
What is considered dyslipidemia?
Total cholesterol level >200 mg/dL
LDL > 130 mg/dL
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dL
HDL < 40 mg/dL (Males) & < 50 mg/dL (Females) All of the above are risk factors for: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Etiologies: Obesity, DM, ETOH, hypothyroidism, hepatic disease, nephrotic synd, Cushing synd, OCP use, high-dose diuretic use, and familial hypercholesterolemia Dyslipidemia: H&P No specific s/s of the majority of patients If extremely high triglycerides or LDL levels may have xanthomata (eruptive itchy nodules, orange streaks in palmar creases, or tuberous plaques on the elbows and knees); xanthelasma (yellow fatty deposits in the skin around the lids just below the eyes); lipemia retinalis (creamy appearance of retinal vessels); corneal arcus (deposit of lipd in the corneal stroma) Hx of familial primary hyperlipidemi

as
Dyslipidemia: Diagnosis
Fasting lipid profile: Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides
Ø Do the test on: > 35 y/o, or ? 20 y/o w/ CAD risk factors (either calculated or present such as smoking and DM), and repeat every 5 years or sooner if ? lipid levels
q Total serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dL on 2 different occasions= Dx of hypercholesterolemia
q LDL > 130 mg/dL or HDL < 40 (M) or < 50 (F)= Dx of dyslipidemia not optimal levels) even if cholesterol is < 200 mg/dL q LDL > 190 mg/dL or triglycerides ? 500 mg/dL = Evaluate for secondary hyperlipidemia (Cushing synd, hypothyroidism, nephrotic synd, or cholestasis)
Dyslipidemia: Treatment
Based on risk stratification using a cardiovascular risk calculator (download to your phone)
See next slide for recommendations from ACC/ AHA
Ø Goal of high-intensity therapy: ? LDL > 50%
Ø Goal of moderate-intensity therapy: ? LDL by 30 – 50%
v Tip: Smokers of all ages should be screened for dyslipidemias due to ? risk
First intervention:
Ø 12-week trial of diet + exercise if no known atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)
Ø Secondary hyperlipidemia: Treat underlying cause
Dyslipidemia: ACC/ AHA Treatment Guidelines
Lipid Lowering Agents:
PART B:
Additional writing on same TOPIC DYSLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIAC RELATION. 200 words, 1 scholarly reference, APA 7th in-text citation. Not older than 5 years. No plagiarism
PART C :
Additional writing on same TOPIC DYSLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIAC RELATION. 200 words, 1 scholarly reference, APA 7th in-text citation. Not older than 5 years . No plagiarism