In
the X-Men, passing as human is analogous to passing as white in the real
In
the X-Men, passing as human is analogous to passing as white in the real
world.
This
paper explores the articulation of virtues and vices in the far-right
discursive tactics through a consideration of the X-Men 97 The Animated Series
(2024). The analytical framework relies on the overarching researching pillar
of Orientalism. In the context of this paper, Orientalism (Said, 1978; 1985)
entails a Western disciplinary dispositif
that perpetuates a particular political project based on dualities and
hierarchies within modernity. It operationalizes power by the restructuring of
knowledge systems that claim authority over the Orient and its people (Exotic
Other). This claim to authority has to do with moral supremacy and the
articulation of virtues and vices. The core concepts used in this paper are global white supremacy, exotic insiders, racial triangulation and gray spaces.
Through
an analysis of the X-Men 97, The Animated Series (TAS) (2024) episodes 1, I
examine the far-right rhetoric in the fictional militia group known as Friends
of Humanity (FOH), using the mutant allegory to unveil anthropological themes.
These pertain to dualities maintained by global white supremacy (Beliso-De
Jesús & Jemima, 2019; Meer, 2019). The dualities are manifested through
racialized hierarchies. It also pertains to alternative ways of being and the
potentialities of coexisting in the margins as I suggest through selected
scenes of the X-Men TAS (1992-1997), and X-Men 97 TAS (2024). I do so using
the X-Men vernacular to demonstrate how the X-Men may address issues of
racialized subjectivities (Pierce, 2009, p. 193). To this end, I will point
towards how fiction mirrors reality with comparisons to real-life political
struggles.
Abrar-ul-Hassan, S. (2021). Linguistic Capital in the University and the
Hegemony of English: Medieval Origins and Future Directions. Sage Open,
11(2).
Adamovsky, E. (2005). Euro?Orientalism and the
Making of the Concept of Eastern Europe in France, 18101880. The Journal of Modern History, 77(3),
591628. londonessays.com
Albarrán-Torres, C. & Burke, L. (2023).
Postcolonial Superheroes: Unmasking Black Panther: Wakanda Forever and Namor,
Its Mesoamerican Antihero. Quarterly
Review of Film and Video, DOI: 10.1080/10509208.2023.2245319
Amel, M. (2020). Arab Marxism and National Liberation: Selected Writings of Mahdi Amel
(Vol. 223). Brill.
Amouroux, C. (2009). Normalizing Christiania:
Project Clean Sweep and the Normalization Plan in Copenhagen. City & Society, 21: 108-132. londonessays.com
Beliso-De Jesús, M. A. and Pierre, J. (2020).
Special Section: Anthropology of White Supremacy. American Anthropologist, 122: 65-75. londonessays.com
Björnsdóttir, I. D., & Kristmundsdóttir,
S. D. (1995). Essentialism and Punishment in the Icelandic Womens Movement. European Journal of Womens Studies, 2,
171-183.
Brenner, J., & Fraser, N. (2017). What Is
Progressive Neoliberalism?: A Debate. Dissent,
64(2), 130. londonessays.com
Brown, Barbara B. (1987). Facing the
Black Peril: The Politics of Population Control in South Africa. Journal of Southern African Studies. 13
(2): 256273. doi:10.1080/03057078708708144
Buchowski, M. (2006). The Specter of
Orientalism in Europe: From Exotic Other to Stigmatized Brother. Anthropological Quarterly, 79(3),
463-482. londonessays.com
Byock, J. (1992). History and the sagas: the
effect of nationalism. From Sagas to
society: Comparative approaches to early Iceland, 44-59.
Carcará, T. A. (2019). Elements of Hate in the
Formation of the Brazilian Society. Glob J Arch & Anthropol. 9(4): 555772. londonessays.com
Chen, S. G., & Hosam, C. (2022). Claire
Jean Kims racial triangulation at 20: rethinking Black-Asian solidarity and
political science. Politics, Groups, and
Identities, 10(3), 455460. londonessays.com
Davis, R. (2009). Magneto, Mutation and
Morality. In Irwin, William, Housel, Rebecca, Wisnewski, J. Jeremy (Eds.), X-Men and Philosophy: Astonishing Insight
and Uncanny Argument in the Mutant X-Verse. Wiley.
Deckard, D. N., Browne, I., Rodriguez, C. et
al. (2020). Controlling images of immigrants in the mainstream and Black press:
The discursive power of the illegal Latino. Lat Stud, 18, 581602. londonessays.com
Dittmer, J. (2005). Captain Americas Empire:
Reflections on Identity. Popular Culture, and Post-9/11 Geopolitics. Annals of the Association of American
Geographers, 95. 3: 626-643.
Dittmer, J. (2014). America is Safe While its
Boys and Girls Believe in its Creeds!. In Dittmer, J., & Sharp, J. (Eds.), Geopolitics: An Introductory Reader.
Routledge. londonessays.com
Duncan, C. (2024, April 11). X-Men 97
ex-showrunner says Pulse shooting helped inspire tragic events of episode five.
PinkNews.
londonessays.com
Dunn, G. (2009). Layla Miller Knows Stuff: How
A Butterfly Can Shoulder The World. In Irwin, William, Housel, Rebecca,
Wisnewski, J. Jeremy (Eds.), X-Men and
Philosophy: Astonishing Insight and Uncanny Argument in the Mutant X-Verse.
Wiley.
Fassin, D. (2005). Compassion and repression:
The moral economy of immigration policies in France. In J. Xavier Inda and R.
Rosaldo (Eds.), The Anthropology of
Globalization: A Reader. Blackwell.
Fry, P. (1985). Para inglês ver: Identidade e hipocrisia em Brasil. Zahar
Editores.
Gaffikin, F., & Perry, D. C. (2009).
Discourses and strategic visions: The U.S. Research University as an
institutional manifestation of neoliberalism in a global era. American Educational Research Journal,
46(1), 115144.
García-Martín, E. (2018). Historic and
symbolic violence in the Romani Fuenteovejuna by TNT-El Vacie: Gender,
ethnicity, and interculturalism. Romance
Quarterly, 65(4), 202213. londonessays.com
Genter, R. (2007). With Great Power Comes
Great Responsibility: Cold War Culture and the Birth of Marvel Comics. The Journal of Popular Culture, 40:
953-978. londonessays.com
Giglioli, I. (2017). Producing Sicily as
Europe: Migration, Colonialism and the Making of the Mediterranean Border
between Italy and Tunisia. Geopolitics,
22(2), 407-428.
Goldin-Perschbacher, S. (2014). Icelandic
Nationalism, Difference Feminism, and Björks Maternal Aesthetic. Women and Music: A Journal of Gender and
Culture, 18, 48-81. londonessays.com
Greenhouse, C. J. (2005). Hegemony and Hidden
Transcripts: The Discursive Arts of Neoliberal Legitimation. American Anthropologist, 107(3),
356368. londonessays.com
Gregoire, J. B. N. The Challenges of the First
Black Political Party in Brazil: Seeking Alliances in Unsympathetic Territory. Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies,
9(1), 456-475. londonessays.com
Grosfoguel, Ramón (2013) The Structure of
Knowledge in Westernized Universities: Epistemic Racism/Sexism and the Four
Genocides/
Epistemicides of the Long 16th Century. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge,
Vol. 11, 1, Article 8. londonessays.com
Guðmundsson, A. S., (2024, April 23). Þetta
náttúrulega endar með ósköpum. mbl.is londonessays.com
Hammond, C.D. (2016). Internationalization,
nationalism, and global competitiveness: a comparison of approaches to higher
education in China and Japan. Asia
Pacific Education Review. 17, 555566. londonessays.com
Harpalani, V. (2021). Racial triangulation,
interest-convergence, and the double-consciousness of Asian Americans. Georgia State University Law Review, 37,
1361.
Hoenig, B. (2017). Europes New Scientific Elite Social Mechanisms of Science in the
European Research Area. Routledge.
Hopkins, P. D. (2009). The Lure of the Normal:
Who Wouldnt Want to Be a Mutant? In Rebecca Housel J. Jeremy Wisnewski (ed.), X-Men and Philosophy: Astonishing Insight
and Uncanny Argument in the Mutant X-Verse. Wiley/Blackwell.
Johnson, J.M. (2002). Sex, Race, Gender and
Power: Southern Rhodesia and the American South. Journal of Womens History, 14(1), 174-182. londonessays.com
Kim, C. J. (1999). The Racial Triangulation of
Asian Americans. Politics & Society,
27(1), 105-138. londonessays.com
Kim, N. Y. (2022). Globalizing racial
triangulation: including the people and nations of color on which White
supremacy depends, Politics, Groups, and
Identities, 10(3), 468-474. londonessays.com
Kuldkepp, M. (2023). Western Orientalism
Targeting Eastern Europe: An Emerging Research Programme. Central European Journal of International and Security Studies,
17(4), pp. 6480. https//:doi.org/10.51870/AEMQ7827
Lee, E. (2007). The Yellow Peril and Asian
Exclusion in the Americas. Pacific
Historical Review, 76(4), 537562. londonessays.com
Loftsdóttir, K. (2021). CONCLUSION Welcome to
the Future: Dismaland and Anxieties in Europe. In We are All Africans Here: Race, Mobilities and West Africans in Europe
(pp. 134-144). Berghahn Books. londonessays.com
Loftsdóttir, K. (2024). Hidden Stories:
Plaster Busts in Gran Canaria as Folded Objects. Interventions, 26(2), 362379. londonessays.com
Maldonado, M. M. (2006). Racial Triangulation
of Latino/a Workers by Agricultural Employers. Human Organization, 65(4), 353361. londonessays.com
Meer, N. (2019). The wreckage of white
supremacy. Identities, 26(5),
501509. londonessays.com
Mendoza-Denton, N. (2017). Bad hombres: Images
of masculinity and the historical consciousness of US-Mexico relations in the
age of Trump. HAU: Journal of
Ethnographic Theory, 7:1, 423-432.
Bjørgo, T., & Mare, M. (Eds.). (2019). Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities.
Routledge. londonessays.com
Ómarsdóttir, A. (2013). Ástandið í
fjölmiðlum Umfjöllun fjölmiðla um íslenskar konur og erlendan her.
Félagsvísindasvið Háskóla Íslands.
Owensby, B. (2005). Toward a History of
Brazils Cordial Racism: Race Beyond Liberalism. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 47(2), 318347. londonessays.com
Pape, J. (1990). Black and White: The
Perils of Sex in Colonial Zimbabwe. Journal
of Southern African Studies. 16 (4): 699720.
Parvulescu, A. (2015). European racial
triangulation. In s. Ponzanesi & G. Colpani (Eds), Postcolonial transitions in Europe. Rowman & Littlefield
Publishers.
Phipps, A. (2021). White tears, white rage:
Victimhood and (as) violence in mainstream feminism. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 24(1), pp. 81-93. londonessays.com
Pierce, J. (2009). Mutants and the Metaphysics
of Race. In Rebecca Housel J. Jeremy Wisnewski (ed.), X-Men and Philosophy: Astonishing Insight and Uncanny Argument in the
Mutant X-Verse. Wiley/Blackwell.
Rahman, M. (2014). Queer Rights and the
Triangulation of Western Exceptionalism. Journal
of Human Rights, 13(3), 274289. londonessays.com
Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. Pantheon Books.
Said, E. W. (1985). Orientalism Reconsidered. Cultural Critique, 1, 89107. londonessays.com
Schuller, K. (2018). The Biopolitics of Feeling: Race, Sex, and Science in the Nineteenth
Century. Duke University Press.
Silva, R. S. (2005). A Política como
espetáculo: a reinvenção da história brasileira e a consolidação dos discursos
e das imagens integralistas na revista Anauê! Revista Brasileira de História 25(50), 61-95. londonessays.com
Skidmore, T. E. (1993). Black into white: Race and nationality in Brazilian thought. Duke
University Press.
Solimene, M. (2018). Challenging Europes
external borders and internal boundaries. Bosnian Xoraxané Xomá on the move in
Roman peripheries and the contemporary European Union. Social Identities, 24(4), 474-488.
Stein, S. (2019). Beyond higher education as
we know it: Gesturing towards decolonial horizons of possibility. Studies in Philosophy and Education. 38,
143161. londonessays.com
Sterba, W. (2015). Avenging American
Arrogance: Joss Whedons Filmic Post 9/11 Superheroes in The Avengers (2012). Revue française détudes américaines,
145, 21-30. londonessays.com
Strauss, B. (2000, August 12). Generator X.
The Guardian: londonessays.com
Stroud, A. (2012). Good Guys With Guns:
Hegemonic Masculinity and Concealed Handguns. Gender & Society, 26(2),
216-238. londonessays.com
Sveinsdóttir, R. (2024, February 1). Getum
lært mikið af því að vinna með erlendum sérfræðingum. Vísir. londonessays.com
Telles, E. E. (2004). Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil.
Princeton University Press.
Tlostanova, M. (2012). Postsocialist ?
postcolonial? On post-Soviet imaginary and global coloniality. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 48(2),
130-142. londonessays.com
Trindade, H. (1974). Integralismo (o fascismo
brasileiro na década de 30). Revista de
Administração de Empresas, 14, 124-126. londonessays.com
Tuastad, D. (2003). Neo-Orientalism and the
new barbarism thesis: Aspects of symbolic violence in the Middle East
conflict(s). Third World Quarterly,
24(4), 591599. londonessays.com
Vinson, R. T. (2012). Introduction to
The Americans Are Coming! Dreams of African American Liberation in
Segregationist South Africa. The
Americans Are Coming! Dreams of African American Liberation in Segregationist
South Africa. Ohio University Press. londonessays.com
White, M.D. (2014). Captain America as a Moral
Exemplar. In M.D. White (Ed.), The Virtues of Captain America. John Wiley &
Sons. londonessays.com
Wilson, W.A. (1973). Herder, folklore and
romantic nationalism. The Journal of
Popular Culture, 6(4), p. 819-835.
Yao, C.W., Mwangi, C.A.G. (2022). Yellow Peril
and cash cows: the social positioning of Asian international students in the
USA. High Educ, 84, 10271044 londonessays.com
Yovel, Y. (2018). The Other Within: The Marranos: Split Identity and Emerging Modernity.
Princeton University Press.
Share this:
FacebookX