Answer & Explanation:QUESTION 1Evidence from chapter two in the textbook shows that the food surpluses from the early agricultural communities of Mesopotamia were offered as tax to this institutionTHE TRADE MARKET CALLED TALIONISTHE ZIGGURAT TEMPLETHE COURT OF THE KING, KNOWN AS SHOT-AL-ARAB12.5 points QUESTION 2Perhaps the greatest technical invention of the early Sumerian peoples in Mesopotamia wasARTIFICIAL CONTRACEPTIONTHE FIRE PITTHE WHEEL12.5 points QUESTION 3The increasing complexity of the economies of Mesopotamia created the conditions that led to temple priests creation of this wedge-shaped writing system, which was applied to clay tabletsCUNEIFORMHIEROGLYPHSSTANZAS12.5 points QUESTION 4What systematic reference was considered the greatest achievement of Mesopotamian king Hammurabi (who lived around 1,800 BC) for organizing and regulating his large empire?ROAD SYSTEMWHEELLAW CODE12.5 points QUESTION 5The textbook describes the belief system in which the gods bestowed on humans certain talents and inclinations for them to do their particular work in the society. What does the book call these divine gifts of varying talentsSLACKFATECHARISMA12.5 points QUESTION
6How did the knowledge of iron smelting (heating and molding it) spread throughout the Middle East (also known as the Near East) sometime around the early-middle 2nd millennium BC when this smelting technique for iron had once been understood only by the Hittites?THE HITTITES MAILED INSTRUCTIONS TO ANYONE WHO ASKED AS LONG AS THE ASKER SENT $19.95 FOR POSTAGE AND HANDLINGINDO-EUROPEAN REFUGEES TOOK THE TECHNOLOGY WITH THEM AS THEY FLED THE DYING HITTITE EMPIREINDO-EUROPEAN REFUGEES TOOK THE TECHNOLOGY WITH THEM AS THEY FLED THE DYING HITTITE EMPIRE12.5 points QUESTION 7From where did the Hebrew patriarch Abraham come before he emigrated to what would later be called the region around Syria and Israel (around 1,800 BC)?EGYPT [IN NORTH AFRICA]INDIA [IN SOUTHWEST ASIA]SUMER [IN MESOPOTAMIA]12.5 points QUESTION 8According to the text, what was a key difference between the basic system of the Hammurabi code of law and the Ten Commandments of Moses?ONE ALLOWED THE DEATH PENALTY WHILE THE OTHER DID NOTONE WAS WRITTEN IN MESOPOTAMIA WHILE THE OTHER CAME FROM CHINAONE WAS POSITIVE LAW AND THE OTHER WAS NEGATIVE LAW (BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE TWO TERMS)